現在正式進入到選修階段的學習了,相信很多小夥伴都會覺得選修不重要,學不學無所謂,但是橙子媽媽想要告訴大家的是選修課本和必修課本一樣重要,因為高考的閱讀和完型高頻詞彙大多數來自於選修的三本書,所以小夥伴們還是要一如既往地完成選修單詞記憶工作才行!接下來橙子媽媽會給大家把每個單元的重點知識以及每個單元考試中涉及到的詞彙總結出來,希望大家好好複習!
Unit1 Art
高頻單詞
1.faith (
n
。) 信任;信心;信念→faithful(
adj
。) 忠實的→faithfully (
adv
。)忠實地
2.typical (
adj
。) 典型的;有代表性的→type(
n
。) 種類;型別 (
v
。) 打字
3.consequently (
adv
。) 所以;因而→consequent (
adj
。) 作為結果的;隨之發生的→consequence (
n
。)結果;影響
4.aim (
n
。) 目標;目的 (
vi
。&
vt
。) 瞄準;(向某方向)努力→(反義詞)aimless (
adj
。) 無目的的
5.evident (
adj
。) 明顯的;明白的→evidence (
n
。) 證據
6.possess (
vt
。) 擁有;具有;支配→possession(
n
。) (尤作複數)所有;財產
7.predict (
vt
。) 預言;預告;預測→prediction(
n
。) 預言;預測→predictable (
adj
。)可預見的→predictor(
n
。) 預言者
8.exhibition (
n
。) 展覽;陳列;展覽會→exhibit(
vt
。&
vi
。) 陳列;展覽
9.civilization (
n
。) 文明;文化;文明社會→civilize(
vt
。) 使文明;使開化→civilized (
adj
。)文明的;開化的
10.preference (
n
。) 喜愛;偏愛→prefer (
vt
。) 寧願;更喜歡
11.visual (
adj
。) 視覺的;看得見的→vision (
n
。) 視力;視覺;洞察力→visually(
adv
。) 視覺上地;真實地
12.contemporary (
adj
。) 當代的;同時代的 (
n
。) 同輩人;同代人
13.technique (
n
。)技術;方法;技能→technical(
adj
。)技術的;工藝的;與技術有關的
14.coincidence (
n
。)巧合(的事);(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident (
adj
。)巧合的
15.adopt (
vt
。)採用;採納;收養→adoption (
n
。)收養;採取→adopted (
adj
。)收養的,領養的
16.attempt (
n
。)努力;嘗試;企圖 (
vt
。)嘗試;企圖→attempted (
adj
。)未遂的
17.appeal (
vi
。)有感染力;呼籲;求助 (
vt
。)將……上訴 (
n
。)呼籲;懇求→appealing (
adj
。)有吸引力的
重點短語
1.concentrate_on 集中
2.as_well_as 也;還;而且
3.by_coincidence 巧合地
4.in_the_late_19th_century 在19世紀晚期
5.a_great_deal 大量
6.lead_to 導致
7.scores_of。。。 大量的……
8.on_the_other_hand (可是)另一方面
9.in_the_flesh 活著的;本人
10.have_a_preference_for 偏愛
11.appeal_to (對某人)有吸引力;(使某人)感興趣
12.lie_in 在於;位於
熱點句型
1.It is/was+
adj
。+that。。。(主語從句)
But it_was_evident_that (很顯然) ideas were changingin the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paintreligious scenes in a more realistic way。(教材P2)
2.without短語用於含蓄虛擬條件句
Without_the_new_paints(沒有新的顏料)and the new technique, we would_not_be_able_to_see(就不能看到)the many great masterpieces for whichthis period is famous。(教材P2)
3.表語提前引起的倒裝句
Among_the_painters(在那些畫家中)who broke away from the traditional style of painting were_the_Impressionists(是印象派畫家),who lived and worked in Paris。(教材P2)
4.On the one hand。。。, on the other hand。。。“一方面,另一方面……”
On_the_other_hand(另一方面),some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs。(教材P3)
5.would rather do。。。 than do。。。 “寧願幹……而不願幹……”
Many art lovers would_rather_visit (寧願參觀) this small art gallery than (而不參觀) any other in New York。(教材P6)
虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣表示說話人所說的話不是客觀存在的事實
,
而是一種願望、懷疑、假設或推測
,
它透過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。
一、條件句中的虛擬語氣
虛擬條件句分為三類:與現在事實相反的情況;與過去事實相反的情況;與將來事實相反的情況。構成如下:
假設情況
條件從句的謂語形式
主句的謂語形式
與現在事實相反
過去式(be的過去式常用were)
would/should/might/could+動詞原形
與將來事實相反
①過去式
②should+動詞原形
③were to+動詞原形
would/should/might/could+動詞原形
與過去事實相反
過去完成式(had+過去分詞)
would/should/might/could+have+過去分詞
If he
had
time now,he
would
(
could,might
)
go
with you。
要是他現在有時間,他會和你一起去的。(與現在事實相反)
If you
had come
a few minutes earlier,you
would
(
could,might
)
have met
the famous singer。
如果你早來幾分鐘,你就會見到那個著名歌手了。(與過去事實相反)
If it
were to snow
this evening,they
would not go out
。
如果今天晚上下雪,他們就不會出去。(與將來事實相反)
注意:含有條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣使用時要注意以下幾點:
(1)主句中的should只用於第一人稱I和we,但在美式英語中,should常被would代替;從句中的should可用於各種人稱。
(2)在虛擬語氣的從句中,動詞“be”的過去時態常用“were”,非正式文體中單數第三人稱也可用was。但If I were you。。。句式中,不用was。
(3)虛擬條件句中有were,had,should時,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主語前,用倒裝結構,這種結構主要用於書面語中。但要注意,在虛擬條件狀語從句中,省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動詞的縮略形式。
Were they
here now,they could help us。=If they were here now,they could help us。
要是他們現在在這兒的話,就會幫助我們了。
Should it
rain,the crops would be saved。=If it should rain,the crops would be saved。
假如下雨,莊稼就有救了。
二、虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的應用
1。在wish後的賓語從句中需要使用虛擬語氣:
①表示與現在情況相反,從句用一般過去時;
②表示與過去情況相反,從句用過去完成時;
③表示與將來情況相反,從句謂語用“would/could/might+動詞原形”。
I wish I
were
ten years younger now。
我希望我現在年輕10歲。
I wish I
had met
him yesterday。
我昨天能遇見他就好了。
I wish I
would be
a scientist in the future。
我希望將來成為科學家。
2。在would rather後的賓語從句中的謂語動詞須用虛擬語氣:
①若表示與過去情況相反,從句使用過去完成時;
②若表示與現在事實相反或與將來的可能相反,從句使用一般過去時。
I
would rather
you
told
me the truth。
我寧願你跟我講真話。
I
would rather
you
had been
present then。
我倒寧願你當時在場。
3。在下列動詞後的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣,其謂語形式為“(should+)動詞原形”。
這類動詞有:
一堅持insist
二命令order,command
三建議suggest,propose,recommend
四要求demand,request,require,desire
My father suggestsI (
should
)
take
enough sleep before examinations。
爸爸建議我考試前要有充足的睡眠。
I demand thatJohn (
should
)
go
there at once。
我要求約翰立刻到那兒去。
課堂鞏固練習
Ⅰ.用所給動詞的正確形式填空
1。Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week?If you had__told(tell) me,Icould have helped。
2。I was wearing a seatbelt。If I hadn’t been wearing one,I would have__been__injured(injure)。
3。I would rather he had__worked(stay) at home yesterday。
4。I wish he visited(visit) us now。
5。Were(be)it to rain,the crops would be saved。
6。He did__not__come(not come) yesterday,otherwise you would have seen him。
7。The doctor advised that he (should)__go(go) to the seaside。
8。The smile on his face suggested that he was__satisfied(satisfy) with our work。
9。The old man insisted that he had never seen(see) the young player。
10。If I were(be)you,I should tell him the truth。
Ⅱ
。
句型轉換
1。The quarrel broke out because they were not patient。
→If they had been patient,the quarrel wouldn’t have broken out。
2。He was not familiar with software,so he was fired by his boss。
→If he had been familiar with software,he wouldn’t have been fired by his boss。
3。Children want to play football on the playground,but it is going to rain this afternoon。
→If it were not to rain/should not rain this afternoon,children would play football on the playground。
4。You didn’t take your homework to school,so you were punished by your teacher。
→If you had taken your homework to school,your teacher wouldn’t have punished you。
5。She was given enough money。She bought the book。
→If she had not been given enough money,she wouldn’t have bought the book。