Word of the Day：June 19， 2021
abrupt
突然的；意外的；（言語、行為）粗魯的，莽撞的
adjective uh-BRUPT
Definition
1 a：characterized by or involving action or change without preparation or warning
：
sudden and unexpected
沒準備或沒警告的行動或變化：突然的、意想不到的
b：rudely or unceremoniously curt
粗魯的、不客氣的
c：lacking smoothness or continuity
缺乏平滑或連續性的
2：giving the impression of being cut or broken off； especially：involving a sudden steep rise or drop
給人一種被切斷或折斷的印象；特別是：突然急劇上升或下降
Examples
We were all stunned when Dennis made the abrupt decision to quit his job and move to Italy。
當丹尼斯突然決定辭去工作搬到義大利時，我們都驚呆了。
“Federally subsidized visual art （along with plays， art centers， and concerts） flourished until 1941 when the U。S。 entered World War II。 The ending was abrupt， with projects shut down overnight。” — David Bates， Oregon ArtsWatch， 11 Mar。 2021
“聯邦資助的視覺藝術（同戲劇、藝術中心和音樂會）一直蓬勃發展，直到 1941 年美國加入第二次世界大戰。結果很突然的就在一夜之間關閉了。”
Did You Know?
We‘ll break it to you gently： abrupt derives from abruptus， the past participle of the Latin verb abrumpere， meaning “to break off。” Abrumpere combines the prefix ab- with rumpere， which means “to break” and which forms the basis for several other words in English that suggest a kind of breaking， such as interrupt， rupture， and bankrupt。 Whether being used to describe a style of speaking that seems rudely short （as in “gave an abrupt answer”）， something with a severe rise or drop （“abrupt temperature change”）， or something that seems rash and unprecipitated （“made the abrupt decision to quit college”）， abrupt， which first appeared in English in the 16th century， implies a kind of jarring unexpectedness that catches people off guard。
我們輕聲地告訴你：abrupt 源自 abruptus，拉丁動詞 abrumpere 的過去分詞，意思是“ to break off「中斷」”。 Abrumpere 將字首 ab- 與 rumpere 結合在一起，意思是“to break「打破」”，它構成了英語中其他幾個 breaking（含義） 的詞的基礎，例如interrupt「中斷」、rupture「破裂」和 bankrupt「破產」。 無論是被用來描述一種很粗魯的話（如“gave an abrupt answer「給出一個突然的回答」”）、急劇上升或下降的（“abrupt temperature change「突然的溫度變化」”），或一些看起來輕率和unprecipitated（precipitate 是指輕率、魯莽前面加了個“un”用“不經意”表示）的（“made the abrupt decision to quit college「使突然決定退出大學」”），abrupt 最早出現在 16 世紀的英語中，指著一種讓人猝不及防地、突如其來的意外。
Word Family Quiz
Besides being a synonym of erupt， what other meanings does the verb irrupt （a derivative of Latin rumpere） have？