正值中國農曆新年到來之際，東亞各國正沉浸在節日的氣氛裡，在海外問答網站Quora上，韓國網友不合時宜地提問道：中國農曆新年起源於韓國嗎？這引起了各國網友的圍觀和熱議，我們看一下他們的科普和回答。
問題：中國農曆新年源自韓國嗎？
越南網友陳傳的回答
What do we often mean by “Chinese New Year”？
我們常說的“中國新年”是指什麼？
Of course， it‘s the new year on the Chinese calendar。
當然是中國日曆上的新年。
What is the Chinese calendar？
中國的日曆又是什麼？
The Chinese calendar， also known as the lunar calendar， is a calendar system that has been created and developed in China for more than 4000 years。
中國曆法，又稱農曆，是一種在中國創造和發展了4000多年的歷法體系。
This is a calendar system with the size of day and month。
這是一個以日月為尺寸的日曆系統。
What is the Yin Yang calendar？
什麼是陰陽曆？
In fact， this is a compromise between the Gregorian calendar and the lunar calendar。 It is a unique way to show both the phase of the moon and the time of the sun。
其實這是陽曆和陰曆之間的折衷，它是一種既能顯示月亮相位又能顯示太陽年時間的獨特方式。
The solar calendar we are all familiar with mainly considers the annual cycle of the sun。 A solar year is 365。2422 days， so in the solar calendar， a calendar year has 365 days， and the solar calendar has leap years to keep the calendar year synchronized with the solar year。 In a typical Gregorian calendar （such as the Gregorian calendar）， there are 12 months in a year， with 28 to 31 days in each month， adding up to 365 or 366 days。
我們都熟悉的太陽曆主要考慮的是太陽年週期。一個太陽年是365.2422天，所以在太陽曆中，一個日曆年有365天，陽曆有閏年來保持日曆年與太陽年同步。在典型的陽曆（如公曆）中，一年有12個月，每個月有28到31天的天數，加起來有365或366天。
The lunar calendar does not focus on the solar year， but on the lunar phase。 The lunar cycle is about 29。5 days， so in the lunar calendar， a month is about 29 or 30 days。 A year can be defined as 12 months。
農曆並不關注太陽年，而是關於月相的歷法。月球週期約為29.5天，所以，在農曆中，一個月大約是29或30天。一年可以定義為12個月。
For example， the Islamic calendar is the lunar calendar， which has 12 months and 354 days a year， and there are 11 leap years every 30 years。 The difference between leap year and calendar year is that the month with 29 days in a calendar year （the last month of the Islamic calendar） will be adjusted to 30 days， so a calendar year has 354 days and leap year has 355 days。
例如，伊斯蘭曆是陰曆，一年有12個月，354天，每30年有11個閏年。閏年和日曆年的區別在於，一個日曆年中有29天的月份（伊斯蘭日曆的最後一個月）將被調整為30天，所以一個日曆年有354天，閏年有355天。
The lunar calendar focuses on the phase of the moon and the Gregorian calendar focuses on the phase of the sun。 But Chinese farmers are mainly concerned about crops。 They are concerned about the weather that affects production， so they need a calendar to tell them the seasons and weather patterns。
農曆側重於月相，陽曆側重於太陽相。但中國農民主要關注農作物，他們關心影響產量的天氣，所以他們需要一個日曆，告訴他們季節和天氣模式。
So they invented the yin-yang calendar， which is a mixture of the Gregorian calendar and the lunar calendar。
所以他們發明了陰陽曆，是陽曆和陰曆的混合體。
The Chinese calendar is still based on the phase of the moon， but they need something to tell them the season。 Different from the leap year in the Islamic calendar， they established a leap month system。 There are 7 leap months every 19 years， insert the year。 There are 354 days in a 12-month year and 383 / 384 days in a 13 month year （leap month）， depending on the leap month。 Leap months should be arranged so that the first month of each year is not far from the month in the Gregorian calendar。
中國的歷法仍然以月相為基礎，但他們需要一些東西來告訴他們季節。與伊斯蘭曆法中的閏年不同，他們建立了閏月制度。每19年有7個閏月，插入年份。12個月的年份有354天，13個月的年份（閏月）有383/384天，具體取決於閏月。閏月的安排應確保每年的第一個月與陽曆中的月份不會相差太遠。
Leap months still can’t tell farmers the season， so the Chinese invented solar terms。 The Taichu calendar published in 104 ad is the first calendar containing solar terms。 There are 24 solar terms。 Each solar term matches a specific astronomical event or represents a natural phenomenon， corresponding to 24 points separated by 15 ° along the ecliptic。 Solar terms accurately tell farmers what kind of weather will happen and what they should do accordingly。
閏月仍然不能告訴農民季節，所以中國人發明了節氣。公元104年出版的《太初曆》是第一部包含節氣的歷法。共有24個節氣，每個節氣與特定的天文事件相匹配，或表示某種自然現象，對應於沿黃道相隔15°的24個點。節氣準確地告訴農民將要發生什麼樣的天氣，以及他們應該據此做什麼。
The Chinese calendar has evolved over time and changed many times， but the above are the basic characteristics that remain unchanged。 Since the publication of the Taichu calendar by the Han Empire， it has been called the Han calendar for the first time。 In the Tang Dynasty， the arrangement method of leap month and other details has been greatly improved。 We have Mao Yinchu calendar， Linde calendar， wild goose calendar and so on。 Wild goose calendar is the most famous one。
中國的歷法隨著時間的推移而演變，併發生了多次變化，但以上是保持不變的基本特徵。自漢帝國出版《太初曆》以來，它首次被稱為漢歷。在唐代，閏月和其他細節的安排方法有了很大的改進，我們有茅寅初歷、林德歷、大雁歷等，大雁歷是最著名的一種。
In the Yuan Dynasty， China had a sushi calendar， which was a great improvement：
在元朝，中國有壽司歷，這是一個很大的改進：
Fix the solar year as 365。2425 days and rearrange the solar terms accordingly。
將太陽年固定為365.2425天，並相應地重新安排節氣。
One month was fixed at 29。530593 days。
將一個月固定為29.530593天。
Abandoning the previous baseline， a new method of arbitrary baseline is proposed。
放棄上元基線，提出一種任意基線的新方法。
Sushi calendar was adapted into Datong calendar in the Ming Dynasty， but it was slightly modified。 Datong calendar was used until the demise of the dynasty。
《壽司歷》在明代被改編成大同歷，但略有修改，大同歷一直使用到王朝滅亡。
About 1630， the Ming Dynasty made its own improvements in the calendar， but the end of the Ming Dynasty is at hand， so the calendar was published by the Qing Dynasty， which is the Shixian calendar。
大約在1630年，明朝在曆法方面做出了自己的改進，但明朝的末日就在眼前，所以曆法是由清朝出版的，這就是世賢曆法。
From this calendar， modern astronomical theory was introduced into China。 Finally， some small adjustments were made to make the calendar more accurate in predicting solar eclipses or similar events。
從這個曆法開始，現代天文學理論被引入中國，最後進行了一些小的調整，使曆法在預測日食或類似事件時更加準確。
Today， in the Chinese new year， we refer to the first day of the Zijin calendar， which is the latest version of the Chinese calendar released by the Zijin Mountain Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences。
今天，到了中國農曆新年，我們指的是紫金曆法的第一天，是中國科學院紫金山天文臺釋出的中國曆法的最新版。
Main differences between Chinese calendar and other calendar systems：
中國曆法與其他曆法系統的主要區別：
The Chinese calendar is an astronomical calendar。 Major dates are defined by real-time astronomical events rather than preset time periods。 For example， in the Gregorian calendar （the Gregorian calendar used by Chinese people every day）， July always has 31 days。 In the Chinese calendar， July is defined as the time period between the seventh and eighth new moons of GMT + 8。
中國曆法是天文曆法。主要日期由實時天文事件定義，而不是預先設定的時間段。例如，在公曆（中國人每天使用的公曆）中，七月總是有31天。在中國曆法中，7月被定義為GMT+8的第七次和第八次新月出現之間的時間段。
The Chinese calendar has 24 solar terms， separated by 15 ° along the ecliptic。
中國曆法有24個節氣，沿黃道相隔15°。
The leap month in the Chinese calendar is an unconditional month between two noon （Japan has additional rules for leap months）。
中國曆法中的閏月是兩個正午之間的無條件月份（日本的閏月有額外的規則）。
The Chinese calendar is an algorithmic calendar， which uses GMT + 8 and Nanjing coordinates as parameters （Zijinshan Observatory is located in Nanjing）。
中國曆法是一種演算法曆法，它使用GMT+8和南京座標作為引數（紫金山天文臺位於南京）。
By changing them to another time zone / City， countries have their own versions of the Chinese calendar （such as North Korea， South Korea and Vietnam）。
把它們換成另一個時區/城市，就有了各國自己版本的中國日曆（如朝鮮、韓國和越南）。
Therefore， the saying that the Lunar New Year originated from South Korea or other countries is completely ridiculous and absurd。
所以，農曆新年源於韓國或其他國家的說法完全是可笑而荒繆的。
德國網友邁克爾金的回答
It‘s incredible that Koreans lack knowledge to this extent。
難以置信韓國人的知識匱乏到這個地步。
Ancient Korea （including North Korea and South Korea） was one of China’s affiliated countries。 They tried to learn and imitate everything from China。
古代朝鮮（包括朝鮮和韓國）是中國的附屬國家之一，他們努力學習和模仿中國的一切。
They have a concept that Sinicization can ensure the status of North Korea as a civilized man in that period。 At the same time， they call other people who failed to sinicize or have a low degree of Sinicization barbarians， so they are proud to be awarded the title of “Little China”。 Seoul‘s old name is Seoul， which means Chinese city or the city of Great Han。
他們有一個觀念，漢化可以確保那個時期朝鮮作為文明人的地位，同時，他們將其他未能漢化或漢化程度較低的人稱為野蠻人，所以他們為榮膺“小中國”的稱號感到驕傲， 首爾的舊名是漢城， 意思是中國城市或大漢之城。
To put it bluntly， South Korea is a country without independent culture。 Their culture has too many Chinese characteristics。 However， the times are changing。 China is still a developing country and lags behind South Korea in some fields。 Therefore， South Korea is both inferior and arrogant in the face of China。
不客氣地說，韓國是一個沒有獨立文化的國家，他們的文化有太多中國特色。然而，時代正在改變，中國仍是發展中國家，在某些領域還落後於韓國，所以韓國在面對中國時既自卑又傲慢。
On the one hand， they wanted to remove the influence of Chinese culture。 On the other hand， they occupied Chinese traditions and customs and claimed that these traditions and customs originated in South Korea because they found that South Korea could not be separated from Chinese culture。
一方面，他們想解除漢文化的影響，另一方面，他們佔領了中國的傳統和習俗，並宣稱這些傳統和習俗起源於韓國，因為他們發現韓國無法與中國文化分離。
I’m not Korean， but I think I should mention that only a few Koreans really believe that the Chinese lunar calendar is created in Korea。 This is not taught in Korean schools or the official cognition of the Korean government。
我不是韓國人，但我覺得我應該提一下，只有少數韓國人真正相信中國農曆是在韓國創造的，這不是韓國學校教的，也不是韓國政府的官方認知。
The reason why Koreans insist on calling it “Lunar New Year” is that they （Koreans） celebrate the Spring Festival， but they are not Chinese。 This is a very untenable argument。
韓國人之所以堅持稱之為“農曆新年”，是因為他們（韓國人）慶祝春節，而他們不是中國人，這是一個非常站不住腳的論點。
The reason why they hold this position is very simple， that is， Koreans are trying to establish their own cultural identity without being influenced by Chinese culture。 In this process， they need to make some psychological preparations。 After all， they are too deeply influenced by China。
他們持有這一立場的原因很簡單，即韓國人正試圖建立自己的文化認同，而不受中國文化的影響，在這個過程中，他們需要進行一些心理準備，畢竟他們受中國影響太深了。
The Japanese went through the same stage during the Meiji period， when they decided to stop celebrating the lunar new year。 However， I have to commend the Japanese here for their objectivity in the whole incident。 I haven‘t seen any Japanese deny that their culture comes from China。
日本人在明治時期也經歷了同樣的階段，當時他們決定停止慶祝農曆新年，然而，我不得不讚揚這裡的日本人在整個事件中表現得很客觀，我還沒有看到任何日本人否認他們的文化來自中國。