人們在大自然中是否更快樂，頭頂是藍天，腳下是新鮮的綠草？嘈雜的街道，擁擠的汽車和人群，會讓我們不開心嗎？
Are people happier in nature with blue skies overhead and fresh green grass underfoot？ Could noisy streets， crowded with cars and people， make us unhappy？
城市生活對心理健康的影響對很多人都有影響。世界衛生組織估計，2014年世界上有54%的人口居住在城市地區。世衛組織補充說，到2050年，這一數字將增加到66%。
The possible mental health effects of city living affects a lot of people。 The World Health Organization estimates that 54 percent of the world’s population lived in urban areas in 2014。 The WHO adds that that amount will increase to 66 percent by 2050。
人們經常搬到城市去尋找更好的工作和更多的文化活動。但是，他們是在冒險嗎？也許吧。
People often move to cities for better jobs and more cultural activities。 But are they putting themselves at risk？ Maybe。
美國精神病學協會的專家說，“自然環境或綠地”對我們的心理健康大有裨益。
Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that “natural environments or green spaces” do much for good our mental health。
許多研究表明，大自然可以使我們平靜，讓我們感到快樂。專家說，自然也能幫助我們更好地學習。而體驗自然可以幫助人們從日常工作中產生的精神疲勞中恢復過來。
Many studies have shown that nature can calm us and make us feel happy。 Nature， experts say， can also help us learn better。 And experiencing nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work。
其他研究還表明，戶外活動可以幫助減少兒童注意力缺陷/多動障礙（ADHD）的症狀。多動症是一種大腦障礙，它可以影響一個人的思維能力。
Other research also suggests that activity in natural outdoor settings can help to reduce the symptoms of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） in children。 ADHD is a brain disorder that can effect a person’s ability to think clearly。
另一方面，心理健康專家說，一些研究表明，城市生活可能會損害我們的心理健康。但他們不能確切地說出原因。
On the other hand， mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health。 But they cannot say exactly why。
“城市環境的具體方面是什麼導致一些人產生心理健康問題？”
“What are the specific aspects of the urban environment which causes some people to develop mental health issues？”
“已經有研究表明，人們從城市環境中被帶到農村的環境中，他們的症狀會得到改善。”我們也看到，城市越大，風險越大。
“There have been studies where people were literally taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment， and their symptoms would improve。 And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk。”
梅切利說，住在城市裡的人比住在鄉下的人更有可能患上精神病。
Mechelli says that someone who lives in a city is three times more likely to develop psychosis than someone who lives in the country。
國王學院的研究人員、城市規劃師、土地和建築設計師以及其他人都想了解城市生活和精神疾病。於是，他們開發了一款名為“城市心理”的智慧手機應用。他們說他們想了解城市環境的不同部分是如何影響心理健康的。
Kings College researchers， along with city planners， land and building designers and others wanted to learn more about city living and mental illness。 So， they created a smartphone app called Urban Mind。 They say they wanted to understand how different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing。
研究人員發現，“在戶外，看樹，聽鳥鳴，看天空，與自然接觸的感覺與更高水平的精神健康有關。
”
The researchers found that ”being outdoors， seeing trees， hearing birdsong， seeing the sky， and feeling in contact with nature were associated with higher levels of mental well-being。“
他們還發現，這些表面上的自然效果在那些有精神健康問題的人身上尤其強烈。
They also found that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems。